TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents
DECLARATION ...............................................................................................................................................2
APPROVAL .....................................................................................................................................................3
DEDICATION..............................................................................................................................................4
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT...................................................................................................................................5
ABSTRACT..................................................................................................................................................6
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS.......................................................................................................................7
TABLE OF CONTENTS..............................................................................................................................8
CHAPTER ONE.........................................................................................................................................12
1.1 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................12
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT .............................................................................13
1.3 JUSTIFICATION .........................................................................................13
1.4 OBJECTIVES ..............................................................................................14
1.4.1 GENERAL OBJECTIVE ..........................................................................................................................14
1.4.2 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES .........................................................................................................................14
CHAPTER TWO ........................................................................................................................................15
2.1 LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................15
2.2 EPIDEMIOLOGY ........................................................................................15
2.3 DIAGNOSIS...............................................................................................15
2.4 PROGNOSIS..............................................................................................16
2.5 COMPLICATIONS ......................................................................................17
2.6 TREATMENT .............................................................................................17
2.7 PREVENTION ............................................................................................18
CHAPTER THREE ....................................................................................................................................19
3.0 METHODOLOGY .......................................................................................19
3.1 DESIGN.....................................................................................................19
3.2 STUDY AREA/POPULATION SIZE ...............................................................19
9
3.3 STUDY POPULATION ................................................................................19
3.4 TARGET POPULATION...............................................................................19
3. 5 DETERMINATION OF SAMPLE SIZE...........................................................19
3.6 INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION CRITERIA......................................................20
3.7 DATA COLLECTION TECHNIQUES ..............................................................21
3.8 DATA MANAGEMENT...............................................................................21
3.8.1 ANALYSING DATA...............................................................................................................................21
3.8.2 DISSEMINATION OF RESULTS.............................................................................................................21
3.9 LIMITATIONS TO THE STUDY ....................................................................22
3.10 ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS.....................................................................22
CHAPTER FOUR ...........................................................................................................................................23
4.0 RESULTS ...................................................................................................23
4.1 Demographic data....................................................................................23
Table 1: Age distribution in different classes..............................................................................................23
Figure 1: Age distribution in the different classes......................................................................................23
4.2 Knowledge of P.I.D...................................................................................24
Table 2: Have you ever heard about P.I.D. .................................................................................................24
Figure 2: those who have ever heard of P.I.D.............................................................................................24
4.3 SOURCE OF INFORMATION ......................................................................25
Table3: student’s source of information about PID....................................................................................25
FIGURE 3: From whom/where did hear about P.I.D first? ........................................................................25
4.4 WHICH FORM OF MASS MEDIA ................................................................26
Table 4: which form of mass media did the students get the information from. ......................................26
FIGURE 4: Which form of mass media did you get information from? ......................................................26
4.5 HISTORY OF P.I.D......................................................................................27
Table 5: students with a history of PID.......................................................................................................27
FIGURE 5: have ever suffered from P.I.D? .................................................................................................27
4.6 TYPE OF DISEASE ......................................................................................28
10
Table 6: which type of disease is P.I.D........................................................................................................28
FIGURE 6: What type of disease is P.I.D?....................................................................................................28
4.7 CAUSES OF PID.........................................................................................29
Table 7: common causes of P.I.D................................................................................................................29
FIGURE 7: What are the common causes of P.I.D?.....................................................................................29
4.8 MANIFESTATIONS ....................................................................................30
Table 8: Common manifestations of P.I.D. ...............................................................................................30
FIGURE: 8 what are the common manifestations of P.I.D? ........................................................................30
4.9 COMPLICATIONS ......................................................................................31
Table 9: common complications of P.I.D. ...................................................................................................31
FIGURE 9: Commonest complications of P.I.D............................................................................................31
4.10 ROLE OF PID INFERTILITY........................................................................32
Table 10: can P.I.D cause infertility?...........................................................................................................32
FIGURE 10: Do you think P.I.D causes infertility .........................................................................................32
4.11 PREVENTION OF P.I.D.............................................................................33
TABLE 11: Best way to prevent P.I.D...........................................................................................................33
FIGURE 11: What is the best way to prevent P.I.D? ...................................................................................33
4.12ROOM FOR AFRICAN TRANDITION MEDICINE IN TREATING P.I.D ............34
Table 12: is there room for African traditional medicine in treatment of P.I.D .........................................34
FIGURE 12: Do you think there is room for African traditional medicine in treatment of P.I.D.................34
4.13Reason why African traditional medicine has room for treatment of P.I.D
......................................................................................................................35
Table 13: reasons for use of African traditional medicine in treatment of P.I.D........................................35
Figure13: reason for use of traditional medicine in treatment of P.I.D. ....................................................35
CHAPTER FIVE .............................................................................................................................................36
Discussion of results ......................................................................................36
5.1 Demographic data....................................................................................36
5.2 Knowledge of P.I.D...................................................................................36
5.3 Source of information ..............................................................................36
11
5.3 Form of mass media ...............................................................................37
5.4 Those who have ever suffered from P.I.D.................................................38
5.5 Type of disease P.I.D is.............................................................................38
5.6 Commonest form of transmission ............................................................38
5.8 Commonest manifestations of P.I.D .........................................................39
5.9 Commonest complications of PID.............................................................39
5.10 Does P.I.D affect fertility?.......................................................................39
5.11 Best ways of preventing P.I.D.................................................................39
5.12 Is there room for African traditional medicine in treatment of P.I.D? .....40
5.13 Reasons for use of African traditional medicine .....................................40
Chapter six ..................................................................................................................................................41
6.0 Conclusion and recommendations ...........................................................41
6.1CONCLUSION..........................................................................................................................................41
6.2 RECOMMENDATIONS............................................................................................................................41
REFERENCES ................................................................................................................................................42
APPENDICES ................................................................................................................................................43
APPENDIX 1: QUESTIONAIRE..........................................................................43
ABSTRACT Pelvic inflammatory disease affects more than one million women worldwide and the rate is highest with teenagers and first time mothers. PID causes over 100,000 women to become infertile each year . The objective of the study was to determine the level of awareness of P.I.D among female students in KIU-WC who are pursuing bachelors of medicine and surgery in the age range of 18-30 years. A cross-sectional study was done and random sampling method and 200 participants were randomly selected and were given standardized questionnaires The results obtained showed there is increased awareness about P.I.D among the students with increasing exposure to medical knowledge i.e 6th year students were well informed about P.I.D than the 2nd year students. It was concluded that government and all health facilities need to improve the awareness of P.I.D. among the population and also improve the availability of S.T.Is treatment.
